可卡因

Cocaine (benzoylmethylecgonine) is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.可卡因（苯甲酰基甲基芽子鹼）是一種結晶的托烷生物鹼，得自古柯植物的葉子。 The name comes from "coca" in addition to the alkaloid suffix -ine, forming cocaine.除生物鹼後綴-ine外，該名稱還來自“古柯”，形成可卡因。 It is both a stimulant of the central nervous system and an appetite suppressant.它既是中樞神經系統的刺激劑，又是食慾抑製劑。 Specifically, it is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, which mediates functionality of such as an exogenous DAT ligand.具體而言，它是多巴胺再攝取抑製劑，去甲腎上腺素再攝取抑製劑和XNUMX-羥色胺再攝取抑製劑，其介導諸如外源DAT配體的功能。 Because of the way it affects the mesolimbic reward pathway, cocaine is addictive.由於可卡因影響中腦邊緣獎勵途徑的方式，因此會上癮。
Its possession, cultivation, and distribution are illegal for non-medicinal and non-government sanctioned purposes in virtually all parts of the world.在世界幾乎所有地區，出於非醫學和非政府制裁目的，其擁有，種植和分發都是非法的。 Although its free commercialization is illegal and has been severely penalized in virtually all countries, its use worldwide remains widespread in many social, cultural, and personal settings.儘管其免費商業化是非法的，並且在幾乎所有國家/地區都受到了嚴厲的懲罰，但其在全世界的使用仍然在許多社會，文化和個人環境中廣泛存在。